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C
When another old cave is discovered in the south of France. it is not usually news. Rather, it is an ordinary event. Such discoveries are so frequent these days that hardly anybody notices them. However, when the Lascaux cave complex was discovered in 1940, the world was amazed. Painted directly on its walls were hundreds of scenes. Showing how people lived thousands of years ago. The scenes show people hunting animals, such as bison or wild cats. Other images depict birds and, most noticeably, horses. which appear in more than 300 wall images. by far outnumbering all other animals.
Early artists drawing these animals accomplished a monumental and difficult task. They did not limit themselves to the easily accessible walls but carried their painting materials to spaces that required climbing steep walls or crawling into narrow passages in the Lascaux complex.
Unfortunately. the paintings have been exposed to the destructive. action of water and temperature changes, which easily wear the images away. Because the Lascaux caves have many entrances, air movement has also damaged the images inside.
Although they are not out in the open air, where natural light would have destroyed them long ago. many of the images have deteriorated and are barely recognizable. To prevent further damage. the site was closed to tourists in 1963, 23 years after it Was discovered.
9. Which title best summarizes the main idea of the passage?
A . Wild Animals in Art
B. Hidden Prehistoric Paintings.
C. Exploring Caves Respectfully
D. Determining the Age of French Caves
10. What does the underlined word "depict" in the first paragraph mean?
A. Show. B. Hunt. C. Count. D. Draw.
11. Why was painting inside the Lascaux complex a difficult task?
A. It was completely dark inside.
B. The caves were full of wild animals.
C. Painting materials were hard to find.
D. Many painting spaces were difficult to reach.
D
Climate change has caused a rise in sea levels. This has increased the amount of salt in fresh water used on coastal" farms. As a result farmers are increasingly unable to use fields close to the sea. Scientists call this process "salinization." The term comes from the word "saline"-- which means a mixture of salt and water.
But a farmer in the Netherlands is now using a mixture of sea and fresh water to grow healthy and tasty vegetables. Mare Van Rijsselberghe started with an experiment. He put several kinds of plants in saline: "We put in a lot of plants in the fields and then we put them in fresh water and in sea water and all the varieties between it. and then we see which variety is surviving and which variety is dying."
Mr. Van Rijsselberghe worked on the project with scientists from the Free University of Amsterdam. He divided a farm into eight irrigated areas. Separate pipes pumped fresh and sea water. And a computer program created water with eight levels of salinity. Computerized measuring devices called "sensors" controlled the water levels and the levels of salinity.
Mr Van Rijsselberghe says he was able to harvest vegetables from most of the eight test areas. He says the vegetables were smaller than those grown in fresh water. But he says they also have more sugar and salt, so they taste better. "It's a miracle. I mean, it should be dying if we look at the data that are available in the world at the moment."
The farmer grew carrots. cabbage. onions and beetroot. But he found that potatoes grew better than the other vegetables in the combination of sea and fresh water. Mr Van Rijsselberghe says four kinds of these potatoes were recently sent to Pakistan. where thousands of hectares of land have been damaged by salinization . Farmers in Pakistan will test the Dutch potatoes to see if they can be grown in those
12. Which is TRUE about "salinization"?
A. It means a mixture of salt and water.
B. It has damaged much land in Pakistan.
C. It is directly caused by climate change.
D. It increases the amount of salt in fresh water.
13 . How did Van Rijsselberghe control the levels of salinity in his experiment?
A.By using devices called “sensors”
B. By using eight different pipes
C. By calculating and measuring carefully.
D. By dividing his farm into eight irrigated areas.
14. Which vegetable grew best in the combination of sea and fresh water?
A. Potatoes. B. Cabbage. C. Onions. D. Carrots.
15. In which column of a newspaper can readers find this article ?
A. Health. B . Technology. C.Agriculture D . Education.
英语学习 /english/
